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Gogen Yamaguchi; Emperor of the Scarlet Fist |
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Gogen Yamaguchi; Emperor of the Scarlet Fist
The Cat - Collectors Edition
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武術 Chronology 300bc-1899 |
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武術 Chronology 300bc-1899
300 BC
Beginning of the Yayoi Period [300 BC - 250 AD]
23 BC
First Sumo-match took place before Emperor Suinin of Japan
220 AD
The Martial Art "Hua To" translated as "five animals play" [meaning Tiger, Deer, Monkey, Bear and Bird] is developed .
250 AD
End of the Yayoi Period [300 BC - 250 AD]
Beginning of the Kofun-Yamato Period [250 AD to 710 AD]. The Kofun-Yamato period had two subperiods, one of course being the Kofun subperiod and the other the Asuka subperiod. During this time [Kofun-Yamato, Nara and Heian] the major government of Japan was the Yamato Imperial Government located near Nara which is now Kyoto.
470 or 482 AD
Bodhidarma was born as the Prince of Kanchipura in the South of India .
516 AD
The Shaolin temple was built
527 AD
Bodhidarma arrived at the Shaolin temple.
538 AD
End of the Subperiod Kofun of the Kofun-Yamato Period also know as the Yamato Period [250 AD to 710 AD]. The Kofun period had two subperiods, one of course being the Kofun Period and the other the Asuka Period. During this time [Kofun-Yamato, Nara and Heian] the major government of Japan was the Yamato Imperial Government located near Nara which is now Kyoto.
Beginning of Subperiod Asuka of the Kofun-Yamato Period.
547 AD
The first reference to Bodhidarma was written in "The History of the temples Lo-Yang" by Yang Hsuan-Chih .
6th Century AD (Circa)
The monk Ta Mo (Bodhidarma) went to the Shaolin Monastery and founded the first Ch?an (Zen) Buddhist temple in China. Bodhidarma introduced special exercises which were both physically vigorous and effective for self-defense. The practice of these exercises helped the monks in defending themselves against bandits (and later in defending the temple against troops during the government suppression of Buddhism, which took place after the fall of the Tang Dynasty). The martial forms practiced by the monks became known as Wai Chia (the ?external form? or hard style of Kung Fu), which is contrasted to ?internal forms? (soft style) like Tai Chi Chuan) and became the basis of many of the martial arts later practiced in Okinawa and Korea.
640 AD
Japan adopts the Chinese Calendar.
710 AD
End of the Subperiod Asuka of the Kofun-Yamato Period [250 AD to 710 AD]. The Kofun-Yamato period had two subperiods, one of course being the Kofun Period and the other the Asuka Period. During this time [Kofun-Yamato, Nara and Heian] the major government of Japan was the Yamato Imperial Government located near Nara which is now Kyoto.
Beginning of the Nara Period [710 - 794].
Japan begins utilizing primitive Swords.
782 AD
May 5, The official date for the opening of the Butokuden, Under Emperor Kanmu's (781-805 AD - Japan) supreme authority to promote martial chivalry, the Butoku Den (Hall of Martial Virtues) was established to encourage the warriors to develop their military prowess. This is also "Boy's Day".
794 AD
End of Nara Period [710 - 794].
Beginning of Heian Period [794 - 1185]. During this time [Kofun-Yamato, Nara and Heian] the major government of Japan was the Yamato Imperial Government located near Nara which is now Kyoto.
818 AD
May 5th (Japan), Via Imperial order of Emperor Saga, the Yabusame ceremony (Archery on Horseback) was conducted in honor of the warriors' tradition to promote aristocratic authority of the imperial majesty in the Butoku Den (Hall of Martial Virtues) located near Heian Shrine in Kyoto, Japan. {note - those who missed their target in the Yabusame ceremonies were required to commit suicide} Since then, Butoku Den became the center of all martial arts training throughout the history of Japan.
900 AD (circa)
(Japan) The rise of an aristocratic society with military and martial skills began to dominate Japanese history. They are called Bushi, (Warrior Class) and Samurai, a class of men serving for the nobility.
1185
End of Heian Period [794 - 1185]. During this time [Kofun-Yamato, Nara and Heian] the major government of Japan was the Yamato Imperial Government located near Nara which is now Kyoto.
Beginning of Kamakura Period where Major Government being the Kamakura Shogunate [1185 - 1333].
1200
Circa - Mongols attempt to invade Japan on three separate occasions.
1274
Mongolian attempts and fails to invade Japan.
1281
The second Mongolian army [150000 men] was destroyed by the typhoon "Kamikaze" after 49 days of battle.
1333
End of Kamakura Period [1185 - 1333]
Beginning of the Kemmu Restoration Period [1333 - 1336] by the Emperor of Japan.
1336
Beginning of the Muromachi Period [1336 - 1573]. The Muromachi period had two subperiods; Nanboku-cho and Sengoku subperiod. In the following major period, the Azuchi-Momoyama period [1573 - 1603] also continued the Sengoku subperiod. the major government of Muromachi Period and Azuchi-Momoyama periods was the Ashikaga Shogunate.
1372
Okinawa and Chuzan King Satto officially established a dialogue with Emperor Ming of China and pays tribute to the China's Ming Dynasty. At this time Okinawa is still an independandt country. Student Exchange and trade between the realms begin, and Chuan Fa was introduced on Okinawa.
1392
End of the first subperiod of the Muromachi Period [1336 - 1573]. The Muromachi period had two subperiods; Nanboku-cho and Sengoku subperiod. In the following major period, the Azuchi-Momoyama period [1573 - 1603] also continued the Sengoku subperiod. The major government of Muromachi Period and Azuchi-Momoyama periods was the Ashikaga Shogunate.
1393
The original 36 families from immigrate from Ming China (Fukien Province) to Kume, Naha, Okinawa (Kume is Japanese, Kuninda is the Hogan pronunciation). Included with the settlers are Chinese Scholars, Artists, Political Leaders and Kempo [Chuan Fa] Masters . This was during the Ming Dynasty (1368 to 1644) however during the rule of Emperor Zhu Yuan Zhang (China) just prior to China's King Bunei-O (1404). This marks the introduction of Chinese Kenpo to Okinawa.
1404
The first Sapposhi [Chinese envoys] travel to Ryukyu [Okinawa].
1429
The King of Chuzan (Okinawa), Sho Ilashi, unifies the three Kingdoms [Ilokuzan, Chuzan, and Nanzan] of Okinawa, having conquered his two neighbors (Ilokuzan and Nanzan) and banned all weapons on the island. King Sho Ilashi also opened trade with South East Asia. As a result, Okinawa is now exposed to the Indonesian, Vietnamese and Thai martial arts.
1458
The year of the Gosamaru - Amawari Revolt [Okinawa]. Historically relevant because those revolting were common people [craftsman, fisherman and farmers] skilled in Combat arts including Kobujutsu.
1470
Shoen (Kanemaru) enthroned [Okinawa].
1477
King Sho Shin (Okinawa 1477-1526), Grandson of King Sho Ilashi, bans [or re-instates the ban] of practice, use and carry of all weapons, domestic and foreign. This is important in the history of Kobujutsu [Kobudo].
1567
Iehisa Shimazu of the Satsuma Clan is born.
1573
End of the Muromachi Period [1336 - 1573].
Beginning of the Azuchi-Momoyama Period [1573 - 1603]. The major government of Muromachi Period and Azuchi-Momoyama periods was the Ashikaga Shogunate.
1576
Iehisa Shimazu of the Satsuma Clan is born.
1599
A Chinese embassy is built in the capital, Naha-Okinawa, and Chinese military officials are sent to Okinawa. Of them, General Kuzanku taught select Okinawas the kata Chinese Chuan Fa.
1600
End of the Momoyama Period and beginning of the Edo Period.
Battle of Sekigahara (Japan), the Tokugawa military clans destroyed the Toyotomi allied troops and the powerful Shogunate military feudal government called Bakufu was established in Edo, present day Tokyo. Under the Bakufu regime, Japanese warrior class faithfully maintained the traditional order of martial disciplines for critical readiness for the next two hundred years.
1603
Beginning of the Edo Period.
1609
Shimazu Iehisa of the Satsuma Clan of Japan [known as Shimazu in Okinawa] of Kagoshima [mainland Japan] invades Okinawa reinstating the ban on the practice, use and carry of all weapons, domestic and foreign for the 3rd time. This act advances the modernization of Te, now a combined program of indigenous Martial Arts of Okinawa and Kempo from China.
1638
Iehisa Shimazu of the Satsuma Clan dies.
1644
Beginning of the Quing Dynasty (China). This is significant because during the Quing Dynasty, trade with Okinawa flourished as well as this is the primary time period in which Gung Fu, Chuan fa, and other Martial Arts influenced practitioner s and later master of Toudi [Toute] in the Ryukyu Islands.
1683
This marks the year of the 17th Sapposhi [Chinese envoy] to Okinawa led by Ambassador Oshu.
1735
Kanga Sakugawa is born. Kanga Sakugawa is the fors Okinawan of record, given credit for developing "Toude" from previousely known Okinawa based Martial arts and Chinese Kenpo.
1756
This marks the year of the 19th Sapposhi [Chinese envoy] to Okinawa led by Ambassador Zenkai and Kusanku-zuiko, Kanga Sakugawa and Chatan Yara introduced Okinawa Bujutsu.
1762
Ryosho Tobe writes the "Oshima Notes" A historically improtant memo including notes on Kusanku, Bubishi and Kumiaijutsu.
1809
Sokon Matsumura is born [Matsumura family Toudi]. Soken Matsumura also known as Bushi Matsumura, the Master of Shuri-Te.
1828 (Bunsei 11)According to Chojun Miyagi, this is the year that Chinese Boxing (Gung fu) was 'inherited' (brought) to Okinawa. from Fukien Province, mainland China (Dao Gung 8-Quing Dynasty). 1829Kosaku Matsumora is born in Tomori Okinawa. Kosaku Matsumora is also known as Bushi Matsumora.
1831
Anko Itosu born in Shuri - Okinawa.
1852
Ryuru Ko is born in July in Chang-le, Fujian.
1853
End of the Edo [Tokugawa] Period and beginning of the Transition Period.
March 10th, Kanryo Higaonna Sensei, founder of Naha-Te (sometimes known also as Shorei), is born in Nishi-machi (District of Naha-Shi) Okinawa-Den-Cho.
1863
The strongest Samurai guard party called Shin Sen Gumi of the Tokugawa Shogunate was established in Mibu of Kyoto City Japan to patrol Kyoto.
1866
Kentsu Yabu born in Shuri - Okinawa.
Seisan and Superinpe [along with Kobudo] are featured in the Okinawa Martial Arts demonstration at Uchiya Udun Okinawa where Seisan is performed by the Ryukyu kingdom's Chinese translator 'Aragaki'.
1867
Kanryo Higaonna Sensei begins his formal training with Seisho Arakaki Sensei, studying Chinese Kempo.
USA Admiral Perry arrives in Japan via a fleet of Black ships. Armed with modern artillery and weapons, Japan fails to expel him.
(Japan) Tokugawa Keiki, the last Shogun, abdicates his political power to the imperial throne thus triggering the Meiji Restoration, Japan now embarks on a new national restructuring to catch up with the west and to develop a position of military and political power in the international community. Japan capitulated and opened its doors to all the western world for the first time in 250 years. This would later (in theory) turn into the Japan expansionist policy.
During the Tokugawa Shogunate era, Okinawa was part of the Satsuma Clan, the south end clan of Japan while the island also maintained their administrative connection with the Chinese government.
1868
September 7 - End of the Edo Period also known as Transition Period [Tokugawa Shogunate].
September 8 - Beginning of the Meiji [Restoration] Period. This marks the official mark of the end of Samurai being allowed to carry swords and to wear a top-knot [similar to the Chinese Qu] however not carried out until 1872.
End of Japanese Feudalism and beginning of modern Budo.
Gichin Funakoshi founder of Shotokan born in Shuri - Okanawa. (Birth Registration: 1870).
1869
Chomo Hanashiro born in Shuri - Okanawa.
1870
Kyan Chotoku Sensei founder of Shobayashi Shorin-Ryu, was born.
Choki Motobu is born in Shuri - Okinawa. Choki Motobu is the founder of Motobu Ryu.
1872
Democratic government is established [in Japan] and the Meiji emperor restored. Samurai were required to remove their swords and gain employment or starve. Rebellions occurred because Samurai had always been too proud to do any kind of work except to protect his overlord or the Emperor and now he was a commoner.
The Ryukyu Clan was established [in Okinawa] by Meiji Government of Japan.
1873
Kanryo Higaonna Sensei travels to Fuzhou China, as a financial benefactor of Kojo Taitei. Kanryo Higaonna would remain for 10 years training with Kojo Taitei and other teachers across the immediate region including Wan Shien Ling [possibly "Ling" of Wan-hsien city].
1874
After a year passed, Kanryo Higaonna Sensei finally obtained an introduction to Ryu Ru Ko. After performing chores Ryu Ru Ko accepted Kanryo Higaonna Sensei as his student (see 1876).
1876
Kanryo Higaonna Sensei begins his studies with Ryu Ru Ko at the age of 23.
1875
Aragaki Ryuko Sensei was born. He is the person who introduced Chojun Miyagi to Kanryo Higaonna in 1902. Aragaki Ryuko Sensei was also Miyagi's first Sensei.
Ryuei Ryu is introduced in Okinawa by Norisato Nakaima. The style of Karate would not receive the formal name of Ryuei Ryu until 1971. 1876 (Meiji 9)Kanryo Higaonna Sensei Studied Karatedo under Ryu Ru Ko Sensei in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China at the age of 23. 1877Kanbun Uechi born in Motobu - Okinawa. 1879Okinawa was officially to become its prefecture with presence of an army of Japanese police and officials. The Meiji Government abolished Ryukyu Clan and establishes the Okinawa Prefecture of Japan by law. In this year Kanryo Higaonna Sensei returned to Okinawa from China. This theory is inconclusive because of the new found Government entity in Okinawa placed by Imperial Japan and that he had not yet spent enough time with Ryu Ru Ko. 1882 Please see 1889 Kano Jigoro founded Kodokan Judo and opened the first dojo at the Eiso-ji Temple 1883Ueshiba Morihei is born. Ueshiba Morihei is the founder of Aikido. 1885Choshin Chibana born in Shuri - Okinawa. 1886December 5th - Kyoda Juhatsu was born [Founder of To'on Ryu and class mate to Chojun Miyagi and Mubuni Kenwa] in Naha - Okinawa. 1887 (Meiji 20)January 20 - Gokenki [Yoshikawa] was born. Gokenki [Yoshikawa] was Chinese and owned a tea store in Naha. Gokenki [Yoshikawa] was a Sifu (instructor) of Pai Hao Quan translated as Hakutsuru ken (white crane fist) and a very close friend of Miyagi. He traveled with Miyagi to China twice to serve as interpreter; once in 1915 and once in 1936. Gokenki [Yoshikawa] Sensei had much of influence on Miyagi Sensei's Karatedo specifically in his development of Tensho Kata through is a derivative of Rokishu.
December 5 - Kyoda Juhatsu is born. The founder of To'on Ryu, Kyoda Juhatsu was a class mate to Chojun Miyagi and Kenwa Mubuni under Kanryo Higaonna from 1902 to 1915.
1888 (Meiji 21-25)
April 25 - Chojun Miyagi is born in Higashi-Machi (Naha-shi) Okinawa. His original birth name was Matsu Miyagi, Matsu meaning Pine Tree.
Kanryo Higaonna Sensei returned to his old job as a merchant, but his reputation was growing. He returned to Okinawa during the middle of the Meiji era and introduced a new effective school of Karatedo at the request of his students,
This is the year that Kanryo Higaonna Sensei began formal instruction of Karatedo at the request of his students.
Matayoshi Shinko was born, founder of Matayoshi Kobudo.
Toyama Kanken was born, he studied Naha-te under Kanryo Higaonna and Shuri-te under Itosu Ankoh. He also studied kobujutsu with Oshiro Chodo
1889
Kanryo Higaonna returned to Okinawa from China. Note: It has been published that he returned in 1881. However, it is thought he left at age 22 and that he stayed for a total of 15 years, 14 of which he was training. This puts his return date 1889
Soken Hohan Sensei (Matsumura Seito) was born.
Mabuni Kenwa [founder of Shito-Ryu] was born in Naha - Okinawa.
1890
Kanryo Higaonna introduces Kata Sanchin to his Naha-Te system.
Sumo, Kendo and Judo became part of the curriculum in the Japanese school-system for boys. Naginata-do for girls.
1891
Hohan Soken born in Nishihara - Okinawa.
1892
June 1 - Ohtsuka Kou Hironori is born in Ibaraki Prefecture of Shimodate Machi Japan. Hironori Kou Ohtsuka is the founder of Wado Ryu.
1893
Yasuhiro Konishi Sensei [Founder of Shindo Jinen Ryu] is born in Takematsu [Kanagawa] Japan. Konishi Sensei studied directly under Gichin Funakoshi Sensei, Choki Motobu Sensei, Chojun Miyagi Sensei and Kenwa Mabuni Sensei.
Matsu Miyagi was renamed Chojun Miyagi upon being adopted by his uncle.
1895 (Meiji 28)
The Dai Nippon Butoku Kai (Greater Japan Martial Virtue Society) is re-established in Kyoto next to the Heian Shrine, Japan under the authority of the Ministry of Education and the endorsement of Meiji Emperor to solidify, promote, and standardize all martial disciplines and systems. Prince Kuniyoshi Kunino Miya, General of the Imperial Army - is the first Supreme Chair of the Dai Nippon Butoku Kai however The full reason for the opening of this organization was for classical martial disciplines and no consideration was given to war like activities.
1896
Yoshio Itokazu (Yoshio founder of Itokazukei Gojuryu) is born on October 2nd.
Sokon Matsumura is born [Matsumura family Toudi]. Soken Matsumura also known as Bushi Matsumura, the Master of Shuri-Te.
1897
Taira Shinken (Kobudo) was born.
April 1 - Ohtsuka Kou Hironori [founder of Wado Ryu] begins training in Jujutsu with his Uncle Choujiro Ebashi Sensei, a member of the Tuchiura clan.
1898
November 8 - Higa Seiko, founder of Shodokan Goju-Ryu was born in Higashi-Machi district of Naha - Okinawa. Higa Seiko originally trained with Kanryo Higaonna and continued training under Chojun Miyagi. Higa Seiko was the first student to teach Goju-Ryu at a branch Dojo, although he did so without permission from Miyagi. It is believed that he would have been the original successor to Chojun Miyagi Sensei.
Chinen Masami was born, founder of Yamani-Ryu Bojutsu.
Tsuyoshi Chitose, the founder of Chito-Ryu is born.
Kosaku Matsumora dies in Okinawa. Kosaku Matsumora is also known as Bushi Matsumora, the Master of Tomari-Te.
1899 (Meiji 32)
January 8th - Seiko Higa Sensei is born in the Higashi area of Naha Okinawa.
The Butoku Den is rebuilt (for the 2nd time) in Kyoto, Okazaki area and becomes the place for the ancient glory and highest status for every martial art practitioner.
Yasuhiro Konishi Sensei [Founder of Shindo Jinen Ryu] begins Budo training in Muso Ryu Jujitsu.
Chojun Miyagi Sensei begins training with Ryuko Aragaki. [This is an approximate time based on the Meiji period]
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#1 |
on July 31 2010 - 15:39:48
#2 |
on August 15 2010 - 14:21:08
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Takeshi Miyagi
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How many hours per week do you train (not teach, TRAIN)?
1-3
20% [4 Votes]
3-5
35% [7 Votes]
5-7
25% [5 Votes]
7+
20% [4 Votes]
Votes: 20
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